PERAN SEROTONIN DALAM PROSES PEMBELAJARAN DAN MEMORI: KAJIAN LITERATUR

Annisa Rahmah Furqaani

Abstract


Serotonin (5-HT) merupakan neurotransmiter yang telah terbukti terlibat dalam berbagai fungsi otak, termasuk proses pembelajaran dan mengingat informasi. Serotonin memegang peran penting dalam proses pembelajaran dan memori karena jalur neuron serotonergik menginervasi berbagai daerah pada sistem saraf pusat serta beragam jenis reseptor serotonin dapat ditemukan melimpah di hampir seluruh bagian otak. Keadaan ini memungkinkan serotonin memengaruhi mekanisme pembelajaran dan memori pada level seluler dan molekuler melalui beragam mekanisme bergantung pada jenis reseptor yang diaktivasinya. Serotonin diketahui dapat memengaruhi proses pembelajaran dan memori, di antaranya melalui fasilitasi sinaps dan modulasi penglepasan neurotransmiter tertentu, terlibat dalam pembentukan potensiasi jangka panjang (long-term potentiation, LTP), serta neurogenesis pada hipokampus.

Keywords


Serotonin, neurotransmiter, pembelajaran dan memori

Full Text:

PDF

References


Barthet G, Framery B, Gaven F, Pellisier L, Reiter E, Claeysen S, Bockaert J, Dumuis A. 5-HT4 receptor activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway depends on Src but not on G protein or β-arrestin signaling. Molecular biology of the cell. 2007; 18: 1979-91.

Carlson NR. Physiology of behavior. 8th Edition. USA: Allyn & Bacon, Inc; 2004.

Djavadian RL. Serotonin and neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of adult mammals. Acta Neurobiology Experimental. 2004; 64: 189-200.

Fukushima T, Ohbutsu CT, Tsuda M, et al. Facilitatory actions of serotonin type 3 receptors on GABAergik inhibitory synaptic transmission in the superficial dorsal horn. J.Neurophysiol. 2009; 102: 1459-71.

Gage FH, Praag VH. Neurogenesis in adult brain. In: Kenneth LD, Dennis C, Joseph TG, Charles N, editors. Neuropsycopharmacology California: American College of Neuropsycopharmacology, 2002; 109-17.

Gould E, Gross CG. Neurogenesis in adult mammals: some progress and problems. Journal of Neuroscience. 2002; 22: 619-23.

Harrell VA, Andrea MA. Improvements in hippocampal-dependent learning and decremental attention in 5-HT3 receptor overexpressing mice. Learning & Memory. 2003; 10: 410-9.

Harvey JA. Role of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor in learning. Learning & Memory. 2003; 10: 355-62.

Kandel ER, Schwartz JH, Jessell TM. Principles of neural science. New york: McGraw-Hill; 2000.

Kandel ER. The molecular biology of memory storage: a dialogue between genes and synapses. Science. 2001; 294:1030-8.

King MV, Marsden CA, Fone KC. A role for the 5-HT1A, 5-HT4 and 5-HT6 receptors in learning and memory. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2008; 29(9): 482-92.

Mitchell ES, Neumaier JF. 5-HT6 receptors: a novel target for cognitive enhancement. Pharmacol Ther. 2005; 108(3): 320-33.

Ogren SO, Eriksson TM, Elvander-Tottie E, D'Addario C, Ekström JC, Svenningsson P, Meister B, Kehr J, Stiedl O. The role of 5-HT(1A) receptors in learning and memory. Behav Brain Res. 2008; 195(1): 54-77.

Smith CUM. Element of molecular neurobiology. 3rd Edition. England: John Wiley and Sons; 2002.

Wesolowska A. In the search for selective ligands of 5-HT5, 5-HT6, 5-HT7 serotonin receptors. Pol.J.Pharmacol. 2002; 54: 327-41.