Potensi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata) sebagai Agen Terapi Hiperglikemia pada Mencit yang Diinduksi Aloksan

Bakti Gumelar, R.A. Retno Ekowati, Annisa Rahmah Furqanni

Abstract


Abstrak
Biaya pengobatan diabetes melitus sangat mahal. Daun sirsak memiliki kandungan kimia flavonoid yang merangsang sekresi insulin, meningkatkan perbaikan atau proliferasi β-sel, dan meningkatkan efek insulin sehingga dapat dijadikan alternatif pengobatan diabetes melitus. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak etanol daun sirsak (Annona muricat) terhadap kadar glukosa darah pada mencit model hiperglikemik akibat induksi aloksan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif eksperimental dengan metode observasional dan menggunakan desain rancangan acak lengkap. Subjek penelitian adalah 30 ekor mencit jantan galur Swiss Webster yang terbagi dalam 6 kelompok, yaitu kelompok normal, kontrol negatif, kontrol positif metformin (1,3 mg/kgBB), ekstrak etanol daun sirsak konsentrasi 1 (7 g/kgBB), ekstrak etanol daun sirsak konsentrasi 2 (14 g/kgBB), dan ekstrak etanol daun sirsak konsentrasi 3 (28 g/kgBB). Pengukuran kadar gula darah puasa dilakukan setelah masa adaptasi, setelah diberi aloksan, setelah diberikan ekstrak etanol daun sirsak selama 7 hari dan 14 hari lalu 7 hari hari setelah pemberhentian perlakuan. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji digunakan uji repeated ANOVA dan dilakukan uji post-hoc (Bonferroni) hasil penelitian untuk menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna antarkadar GDP seminggu setelah perlakuan pada subjek penelitian. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah semua konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun sirsak dapat menurunkan kadar gula darah puasa.

Abstract
The cost of diabetes melitus treatment is expensive. Soursop leaves have chemical flavonoids that stimulate insulin secretion, improve repair or proliferation of β-cells and increase the effects of insulin so that it can be an alternative treatment of diabetes mellitus. This study aims to determine the effect of ethanol extract of soursop leaves (Annona muricat) to blood glucose level in mice of hyperglycemic model due to alloxan induction. This research is an experimental quantitative research with observational method and using a complete randomized design. The subjects of the research were 30 male swiss webster mice divided into 6 groups, which are normal group, negative control, positive control of metformin (1.3 mg/kgBW), ethanol extract of soursop leaves concentration 1 (7 g/kgBB), ethanol extract of soursop leaves concentration 2 (14 g/kgBB), and ethanol extract of soursop leaves concentration 3 (28 g/kgBB). The measurements of fasting blood glucose level were carried out after  adaptation period, after the alloxan is given, after the ethanol extract of soursop leaves is given for 7 days and 14 days, then 7 days after the termination of the treatment. Data were analyzed by using repeated ANOVA test and post-hoc (Bonferroni) test. The result shows significant difference between GDP levels a week after the treatment on the research subject. The entire doses of ethanol extract of soursop leaves can decrease fasting blood glucose level.


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