Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Perilaku Gerakan 3M Plus dengan Keberadaan Jentik Aedes aegypti

Abstract

Abstrak
Demam berdarah dengue (DBD) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di dunia dan di Indonesia. Pencegahan mekanis DBD adalah gerakan 3M Plus, yaitu menguras, menutup, dan mengubur, serta tindakan yang lainnya. Gerakan 3M plus bertujuan memberantas sarang nyamuk sehingga populasi Aedes aegypti sebagai vektor DBD dapat dikendalikan dan pada akhirnya dapat menurunkan insidensi DBD. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dan perilaku Gerakan 3M plus dengan keberadaan jentik Aedes aegypti. Penelitian ini bersifat observasional analitik dengan desain uji potong lintang menggunakan alat kuesioner. Sampel diambil sebanyak 55 warga dengan teknik non-probability sampling dengan metode simple random sampling berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan Gerakan 3M Plus 52 responden termasuk kategori baik dan 3 responden kategori sedang, serta perilaku Gerakan 3M Plus 25 responden termasuk kategori baik, 19 responden kategori sedang, dan 11 responden kategori kurang. Hasil pencarian keberadaan jentik Aedes aegypti sebanyak 11 rumah didapatkan jentik dan pada 44 rumah tidak terdapat jentik. Analisis bivariat dilakukan menggunakan uji chi-square pada derajat kepercayaan 95% dari penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna perilaku Gerakan 3M Plus dengan keberadaan jentik Aedes aegypti (p=0,04), namun tidak terdapat hubungan tingkat pengetahuan Gerakan 3M Plus dengan keberadaan jentik Aedes aegypti (p=0,490). Simpulan, terdapat hubungan perilaku Gerakan 3M Plus dengan keberadaan jentik, sedangkan pengetahuan Gerakan 3M Plus tidak berhubungan dengan keberadaan jentik Aedes aegypti.

Abstract
Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) is still a health problem in the world and especially in Indonesia. Mechanical prevention of DHF is 3M Plus Movement action that is drain, close, bury and other actions. 3M Plus Movement aims to eradicate the mosquito nest so that Aedes aegypti population as a DHF vector can be controlled. Knowledge and behavior about 3M plus movement is very important to reduce the incidence of DHF. This was an analytic observational study with cross sectional design using questionnaires. Samples were taken from 55 residents with non-probability sampling technique with simple random sampling method based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results showed the level of knowledge about the 3M plus movement of 52 respondents were in good categories and 3 respondents were in the medium category. The results showed 3M plus movement behaviors of 25 respondents were in the good category, 19 respondents were in medium category and 11 respondents were in less category. The observation result of the larvae Aedes aegypti’s existence were 11 houses found larvae and at 44 houses there was no larvae. Bivariate analysis was performed using chi-square test at 95% confidence degree showed there is a significant relationship between behavior about 3M plus movement with the existence of larva Aedes aegypti with p=0.04, but there is no significant relationship between knowledge level about 3M plus movement with presence of larva Aedes aegypti with p=0.490. The conclusions of this study, there is a significant relationship between behavior of 3M plus movement with the existence of Aedes aegypti larvae, but there is no significant relationship between knowledge level of 3M plus movement with presence of Aedes aegypti larvae.